The Fluoromax 4 spectrofluorometer is a compact system which allows for routine fluorescence analysis and more, much more. Following from the extremely high sensitivity of this instrument, it is also a valid choice for mixed research/analytical situations.
The available signal-to-noise ratio on the Raman peak of water is market leading in its class, and is only surpassed by our Fluorolog-3 high-end fluorescence systems. This unique performance stems from an uncompromising design. Starting with a CW Xenon source that supplies prime UV performance, the 150 Watt Xenon bulb is mounted vertically, since horizontal mounting leads to sagging of the arc that increases instability and decreases the useful life.The xenon source is focused onto the entrance slit of the excitation monochromator with an elliptical mirror. Besides ensuring efficient collection, the reflective mirror keeps all wavelengths focused on the slit, unlike lenses with chromatic aberrations that are efficient only at one wavelength. As an option an additional, software-selectable, xenon flash lamp can be fitted as an alternate excitation source to enable phosphorescence studies.
The excitation monochromator is a proprietary HORIBA Jobin Yvon design, which builds on the strength of having total control over all the elements. The gratings, manufactured by HORIBA Jobin Yvon's grating manufacture facility, are plane blazed gratings that avoid the two major disadvantages of more common concave holographic gratings used in fluorescence systems: poor polarization performance and inadequate imaging during scans that throws away light. This ensures peaks throughput and the perfect platform for anisotropy studies. The unique wavelength drive scans the grating at speeds as high as 80 nm/s. The grating grooves are blazed to provide maximum light in the UV and visible region. Before the excitation light reaches the sample, a photodiode reference detector monitors the intensity as a function of time and wavelength. The photodiode detector has a wider wavelength response than the more traditional rhodamine-B quantum counters, and requires no maintenance. A spacious sample chamber is provided to allow the use of a long list of accessories for special samples, and encourages you to utilize a variety of sample schemes. All the outstanding features of the excitation monochromator are also incorporated into the emission monochromator. Gratings are blazed to provide maximum throughput in the visible region. Emission detector electronics employ photon-counting for the ultimate in low-light-level detection. Photon-counting concentrates on signals that originate from fluorescence emission, ignoring smaller signals originating in the detector tube (PMT). The more common method of analog detection (used by lower performance fluorometers) simply adds noise and signal together, masking weak emissions. The emission detector housing also contains an integral high-voltage supply which is factory set to provide the optimal signal-to-noise ratio. The entire control of the FluoroMax®-4 originates in your PC with our revolutionary new FluorEssence™ software and is transmitted through a serial link. On start-up, the system automatically calibrates and presents itself for new experiments, or stored routines instantly called from memory. Apart from all these features, a Fluoromax 4 may also be fitted with a full featured TCSPC option, providing you with a host of new options to study local environment around fluorophores.